{"id":38849,"date":"2026-08-24T14:50:29","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T07:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/?page_id=38849"},"modified":"2026-08-25T10:13:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T03:13:13","slug":"level-of-detail-lod-point-cloud-to-bim","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/level-of-detail-lod-point-cloud-to-bim\/","title":{"rendered":"Level of Detail LOD 100 to 400"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style>\n:root{\n  --red:#C70100;\n  --red-2:#D72323;\n  --red-dark:#9A0000;\n  --black:#000000;\n  --charcoal:#4A4A4A;\n  --midgrey:#9E9E9E;\n  --alto:#DADADA;\n  --paper:#F5F5F5;\n  --line:#E0E0E0;\n  --white:#FFFFFF;\n  --maxw:1180px;\n  --font:Arial,\"Helvetica Neue\",Helvetica,sans-serif;\n}\n.vmts-lod-page *{box-sizing:border-box}\nhtml{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:96px}\n.vmts-lod-page{\n  margin:0;font-family:var(--font);color:var(--charcoal);\n  background:var(--white);font-size:16px;line-height:1.6;\n  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.rel{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}}\n.vmts-lod-page .rel a{display:block;background:#fff;padding:22px 20px;color:var(--black);border:1px solid var(--line)}\n.vmts-lod-page .rel a:hover{background:var(--paper);text-decoration:none}\n.vmts-lod-page .rel .k{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--red);font-weight:700}\n.vmts-lod-page .rel .t{font-weight:700;margin-top:8px;font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.35}\n\n\/* ---------- Footer ---------- *\/\n.vmts-lod-page footer{background:var(--black);color:var(--alto);padding:52px 0 28px;font-size:14px}\n.vmts-lod-page .fgrid{display:grid;gap:32px;grid-template-columns:1fr}\n@media(min-width:760px){.vmts-lod-page .fgrid{grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr 1fr 1fr}}\n.vmts-lod-page footer h4{color:#fff;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:14px}\n.vmts-lod-page footer ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}\n.vmts-lod-page footer li{margin-bottom:8px}\n.vmts-lod-page footer a{color:var(--alto)}\n.vmts-lod-page footer a:hover{color:#fff}\n.vmts-lod-page .fbot{\n  border-top:1px solid #222;margin-top:36px;padding-top:20px;\n  display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--midgrey)\n}\n.vmts-lod-page .fbot .r{margin-left:auto}\n\n\/* ---------- Print ---------- *\/\n@media print{\n  .vmts-lod-page .topbar .lang,.vmts-lod-page .controls,.vmts-lod-page .hero-actions,.vmts-lod-page .cta,.vmts-lod-page .rel,.vmts-lod-page .faq summary:after{display:none!important}\n  .vmts-lod-page .hero{background:#fff;color:#000;padding:20px 0}\n  .vmts-lod-page .hero h1,.vmts-lod-page .hero .lead{color:#000}\n  .vmts-lod-page .slogan{background:#fff;color:#000;border-top:2px solid #000;border-bottom:2px solid #000}\n  .vmts-lod-page .slogan .src{color:#666}\n  .vmts-lod-page .group{break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid}\n  .vmts-lod-page .figs{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)!important}\n  .vmts-lod-page .fig .shot{cursor:default}\n  .vmts-lod-page .lb{display:none!important}\n  .vmts-lod-page .faq details{break-inside:avoid}\n  .vmts-lod-page .faq .a{display:block!important}\n  .vmts-lod-page{font-size:11pt}\n  .vmts-lod-page footer{background:#fff;color:#000;border-top:1px solid #000}\n  .vmts-lod-page footer h4,.vmts-lod-page footer a{color:#000}\n}\n\n\/* ---------- Full-bleed breakout (Avada wraps content in a padded\/boxed row) ---------- *\/\n.vmts-lod-page > *{\n  width:100vw;\n  margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);\n  margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw);\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"vmts-lod-page\">\n<nav class=\"crumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\n    <ol>\n      <li><a href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/\">Home<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/scan-to-bim\/\">Point Clouds to BIM<\/a><\/li>\n      <li aria-current=\"page\">Level of Detail LOD 100 to 400<\/li>\n    <\/ol>\n  <\/div>\n<\/nav>\n\n<!-- ================= HERO ================= -->\n<div class=\"hero\">\n  <div class=\"wrap hero-grid\">\n    <div>\n      <p class=\"eyebrow\">VMT Solutions drawing standard<\/p>\n      <h1>Level of Detail LOD 100 to LOD 400<\/h1>\n      <p class=\"lead\">\n        Which components do we model at which level? This matrix answers that question\n        bindingly for 22 component groups, from structure through fit-out to room documentation.\n        It lets you fix the scope of work before the first Point cloud is touched.\n      <\/p>\n      <div class=\"hero-actions\">\n        <a class=\"btn\" href=\"#matrix\">Go to the matrix<\/a>\n        <a class=\"btn btn-ghost\" href=\"#contact\">Discuss a project<\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <figure class=\"ladder\" aria-label=\"Increasing level of detail from LOD 100 to LOD 400\" style=\"margin:0\">\n      <div class=\"row\"><span class=\"lbl\">LOD 100<\/span>\n        <span class=\"bars\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row\"><span class=\"lbl\">LOD 200<\/span>\n        <span class=\"bars\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row\"><span class=\"lbl\">LOD 300<\/span>\n        <span class=\"bars\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><i><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"row top\"><span class=\"lbl\">LOD 400<\/span>\n        <span class=\"bars\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><i class=\"on\"><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n      <figcaption class=\"cap\">Schematic: extent of modelled features per level<\/figcaption>\n    <\/figure>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- ================= FACT STRIP ================= -->\n<div class=\"facts\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\" style=\"padding:0\">\n    <div class=\"facts-grid\">\n      <div class=\"fact\"><span class=\"k\">22<\/span><span class=\"v\">component groups in the matrix<\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"fact\"><span class=\"k\">4<\/span><span class=\"v\">levels of detail, LOD 100 to 400<\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"fact\"><span class=\"k\"><em>&plusmn;15<\/em> mm<\/span><span class=\"v\">dimensional accuracy from LOD 300<\/span><\/div>\n      <div class=\"fact\"><span class=\"k\">7<\/span><span class=\"v\">supported Point cloud formats<\/span><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- ================= AEO DEFINITION ================= -->\n<section class=\"tight\">\n  <div class=\"wrap narrow\">\n    <div class=\"aeo\">\n      <h2>What does LOD mean in scan-to-BIM?<\/h2>\n      <p>\n        LOD stands for Level of Detail and describes how precisely a component is represented in the BIM model.\n        In scan-to-BIM, the LOD level defines which elements are taken from the Point cloud and which features,\n        such as casing, stucco or material assignment, are modelled with them.\n        VMT Solutions works with four levels from LOD 100 to LOD 400 and documents for every\n        component group individually what is included.\n      <\/p>\n      <dl>\n        <div><dt>Levels<\/dt><dd>LOD 100 \/ 200 \/ 300 \/ 400<\/dd><\/div>\n        <div><dt>Accuracy from LOD 300<\/dt><dd>&plusmn;15 mm<\/dd><\/div>\n        <div><dt>Point cloud formats<\/dt><dd>E57, RCP, LAS, FLS, LAZ, XYZ, PTX<\/dd><\/div>\n        <div><dt>Delivery<\/dt><dd>Native File plus IFC2x3<\/dd><\/div>\n      <\/dl>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ================= LEVEL OVERVIEW ================= -->\n<section class=\"tight\" id=\"levels\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\n    <div class=\"section-head\">\n      <hr class=\"rule\">\n      <h2>The four levels at a glance<\/h2>\n      <p>\n        Each level corresponds to one service package. The mapping is fixed:\n        Basic equals LOD 100, Standard equals LOD 200, High equals LOD 300,\n        Premium equals LOD 400.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"levels\">\n      <article class=\"level\">\n        <span class=\"tag\">LOD 100<\/span>\n        <h3>Massing and main dimensions<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"pkg\">Package: Basic<\/p>\n        <p>Components as simple volumes with length, thickness and height. No material assignment, no casing. Suitable for feasibility studies and first area calculations.<\/p>\n      <\/article>\n      <article class=\"level\">\n        <span class=\"tag\">LOD 200<\/span>\n        <h3>Components with material<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"pkg\">Package: Standard<\/p>\n        <p>Doors, windows, staircases and fit-out elements are added, together with material assignment and room data. The usual basis for refurbishment design.<\/p>\n      <\/article>\n      <article class=\"level\">\n        <span class=\"tag\">LOD 300<\/span>\n        <h3>Build-up and connections<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"pkg\">Package: High<\/p>\n        <p>Casing, columns inside the wall, rafters drawn individually, cornices and balustrades are represented. Dimensional accuracy &plusmn;15 mm. The standard for detailed design in existing buildings.<\/p>\n      <\/article>\n      <article class=\"level\">\n        <span class=\"tag\">LOD 400<\/span>\n        <h3>Detail and ornament<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"pkg\">Package: Premium<\/p>\n        <p>Stucco, wrought iron, window shutters and cabinet fronts true to the original. Roof level points every 30 cm. The level for heritage conservation and reconstruction.<\/p>\n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ================= MATRIX ZONE ================= -->\n<div class=\"matrix-zone\">\n<div class=\"controls\" id=\"matrix\">\n  <div class=\"wrap controls-inner\">\n    <div class=\"seg\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Highlight level of detail\">\n      <button type=\"button\" data-lod=\"-1\" aria-pressed=\"true\">All levels<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" data-lod=\"0\" aria-pressed=\"false\">LOD 100<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" data-lod=\"1\" aria-pressed=\"false\">LOD 200<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" data-lod=\"2\" aria-pressed=\"false\">LOD 300<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" data-lod=\"3\" aria-pressed=\"false\">LOD 400<\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"seg acc\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Choose representation\">\n      <button type=\"button\" data-view=\"3D\" aria-pressed=\"true\">3D<\/button>\n      <button type=\"button\" data-view=\"2D\" aria-pressed=\"false\">2D<\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <label class=\"search\">\n      <svg width=\"15\" height=\"15\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#9E9E9E\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n        <circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"7\"\/><path d=\"M20 20l-3.6-3.6\"\/>\n      <\/svg>\n      <input type=\"search\" id=\"q\" placeholder=\"Search a component, e.g. roof or staircase\" aria-label=\"Search a component\">\n    <\/label>\n    <span class=\"count\" id=\"count\"><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- ================= MATRIX ================= -->\n<section style=\"padding-top:32px\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\n    <div class=\"section-head\">\n      <hr class=\"rule\">\n      <h2>Complete level of detail matrix<\/h2>\n      <p>\n        A filled marker means the feature is included at that level.\n        A red outlined note describes in which form it is modelled.\n        Select a level above to see only its scope of work. Use 3D and 2D to switch between view and drawing; click an image to enlarge it.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div id=\"groups\"><\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"lb\" id=\"lb\" hidden role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"true\" aria-label=\"Image view\">\n      <button type=\"button\" class=\"x\" aria-label=\"Close\">&times;<\/button>\n      <figure><img class=\"lazyload\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"\" alt=\"\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"note red\" style=\"margin-top:28px\">\n      <h3>Not included in the standard<\/h3>\n      <p>\n        Dimensioning, machinery, pipes and electrical are not part of the Basic to Premium packages.\n        These services are ordered separately. They are marked accordingly in the matrix\n        so that the scope is clear from the start.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">\n      <h3>Electrical: illustrations released, feature list still under review<\/h3>\n      <p>\n        For electrical, the reference illustrations at LOD 200, 300 and 400 are available. The feature list in\n        the table is a draft derived from those illustrations and has not yet been released. For a quotation\n        we agree the scope of each item directly with you.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">\n      <h3>Levels can be combined per component group<\/h3>\n      <p>\n        You do not have to settle on a single level. In practice a mixed specification is normal,\n        for example wall at LOD 300, roof at LOD 200 and facade at LOD 400.\n        We record the allocation per component group in writing in the quotation.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div><!-- \/matrix-zone -->\n\n<!-- ================= SLOGAN ================= -->\n<div class=\"slogan\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\n    <p>You scan &ndash; we support every downstream service, from the Point cloud to the native BIM model.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"src\">VMT Solutions Co., LTD &middot; Archicad, Revit, Allplan, Vectorworks<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- ================= WHY VMTS ================= -->\n<section>\n  <div class=\"wrap narrow\">\n    <hr class=\"rule\">\n    <h2>Why we fix the level of detail in writing<\/h2>\n    <p>\n      Most renegotiations in scan-to-BIM do not arise during modelling; they arise from how the term LOD is\n      understood. Two offices rarely mean the same thing by LOD 300. That is why we do not work from a general\n      definition but from a checklist per component group.\n    <\/p>\n    <p>\n      Before modelling starts, our geomatics engineers check the Point cloud for registration, coordinate system\n      and completeness. Only then does modelling begin, following the matrix documented here.\n      At handover you receive the native File for your platform, IFC2x3 and a QC report in which\n      the checked items are traceable.\n    <\/p>\n    <p>\n      For you this means the scope of work is fixed before the project starts, and acceptance is checked\n      against the same list the model was built to.\n    <\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ================= FAQ ================= -->\n<section class=\"tight\" id=\"faq\" style=\"background:var(--paper);border-top:1px solid var(--line)\">\n  <div class=\"wrap narrow\">\n    <hr class=\"rule\">\n    <h2>Frequently asked questions about level of detail<\/h2>\n    <div class=\"faq\" style=\"margin-top:24px\">\n\n      <details open>\n        <summary>What is LOD 300 in BIM?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          LOD 300 is the level at which components are modelled with their build-up and connections, not only as volumes. At VMT Solutions, LOD 300 includes casing on walls and columns, columns and beams within the wall, rafters drawn individually, steps true to the original and material assignment on all components. Dimensional accuracy is plus or minus 15 mm. LOD 300 is the usual level for detailed design work in existing buildings.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>What is the difference between LOD 300 and LOD 400?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          LOD 300 covers the build-up of the component; LOD 400 adds the ornamental and detail layer. Specifically, LOD 400 adds stucco on walls, columns and ceilings, detailed instead of simplified casing, wrought iron on balustrades, window shutters in detail, cabinet fronts with door swing indication, wall finishes, and roof level points every 30 cm instead of three points. LOD 400 is used above all in heritage conservation and reconstruction.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>Which level of detail is normal for an as-built survey?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          For most refurbishment and renovation projects, LOD 200 to LOD 300 is the right choice. LOD 200 delivers components with material assignment and complete room data; LOD 300 adds component build-up and connections. LOD 400 pays off when ornamental elements are to be preserved or reconstructed. LOD 100 serves feasibility checks and first area calculations.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>Can I combine different LOD levels in one project?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          Yes, and in practice this is the normal case. You define the level per component group, for example wall at LOD 300, roof at LOD 200 and facade at LOD 400. We record this allocation in the quotation and in the project handbook and model exactly to it. Acceptance is checked against the same list.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>Are dimensioning, machinery, pipes and electrical included in the standard?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          No. These four areas sit outside the Basic to Premium packages and are ordered separately. Dimensioning covers window, door, room and overall dimensions. Machinery is modelled as a box or in detail depending on the level. Pipes include valves, connections, brackets and support feet from LOD 400. Electrical covers luminaires, switches, socket outlets and cable routing from LOD 200. We list these items separately in the quotation.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>Which Point cloud formats does VMT Solutions process?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          We process seven formats: E57, RCP, LAS, FLS, LAZ, XYZ and PTX. For projects in Germany we use ETRS89 as the standard coordinate system. Before modelling starts, our geomatics engineers check the registration and completeness of the Point cloud and report gaps back to you before modelling time is invested.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>In which software does VMT Solutions deliver the model?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          We deliver native files for Archicad, Revit, Allplan and Vectorworks, together with IFC2x3. Native delivery means you can continue working with the model in your own environment without conversion losses. You also receive the processed Point cloud and a QC report.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n      <details>\n        <summary>How does the LOD level affect price and schedule?<\/summary>\n        <div class=\"a\"><p>\n          Effort increases with each level, but not linearly and not equally for every component group. The largest step comes from stucco, detailed casing and true-to-original ornamental elements at LOD 400. We therefore recommend applying high levels where they are actually needed for the design work. Send us your Point cloud and we normally reply within 24 hours with a detailed quotation per component group.\n        <\/p><\/div>\n      <\/details>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ================= CTA ================= -->\n<section class=\"cta\" id=\"contact\">\n  <div class=\"wrap cta-inner\">\n    <div>\n      <h2>Define the level of detail for your project<\/h2>\n      <p>\n        Send us your Point cloud and a short description of the project. We propose a level\n        allocation per component group and break down the effort transparently. We are happy to\n        walk you through it.\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"act\">\n      <a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/contact-us\/\">Request a quotation<\/a>\n      <a class=\"btn btn-dark\" href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/scan-to-bim\/\">Point Clouds to BIM services<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ================= RELATED ================= -->\n<section class=\"tight\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">\n    <hr class=\"rule\">\n    <h2 style=\"margin-bottom:22px\">Related reading<\/h2>\n    <div class=\"rel\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/what-is-lod-200-300-400-in-bim\/\">\n        <span class=\"k\">Basics<\/span>\n        <span class=\"t\">LOD BIM Explained: What Do LOD 200, 300, 400 Mean?<\/span>\n      <\/a>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/scan-to-bim\/\">\n        <span class=\"k\">Service<\/span>\n        <span class=\"t\">Point Clouds to BIM: accuracy, LOD and deliverables<\/span>\n      <\/a>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/vmts.ch\/en\/scan-to-bim-complete-guide\/\">\n        <span class=\"k\">Guide<\/span>\n        <span class=\"t\">Scan-to-BIM: the complete professional guide<\/span>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<\/div><!-- \/vmts-lod-page -->\n\n<!-- ================= FOOTER ================= -->\n<script>\n\/* ---------------------------------------------------------\n   Level of detail matrix\n   v: 0 = not included, 1 = included, \"text\" = included, with a note on how\n   Source: VMTS drawing standard\n--------------------------------------------------------- *\/\n\nvar GROUPS = [\n {n:\"Wall\", img:\"wand\", cat:\"Structure\", c:[\n   {t:\"Length \/ thickness \/ height\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Column \/ beam within the wall\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Casing (boxing-in)\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Stucco mouldings\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Column \/ pillar\", img:\"stutze-saule\", cat:\"Structure\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ length \/ height\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Column casing\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Column stucco\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Steel beam\", img:\"metalltrager\", cat:\"Structure\", c:[\n   {t:\"Length \/ width \/ height\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Shapes \/ profiles (I \/ C \/ H)\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Concrete base\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Diagonal brace\", v:[0,1,0,0]},\n   {t:\"Steel frame corner\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Frame corner\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Roof\", img:\"dach\", cat:\"Structure\", c:[\n   {t:\"Number of level points taken from the Point cloud\", v:[\"2 levels\",\"2 levels\",\"3 levels\",\"every 30 cm\"]},\n   {t:\"Battens\", v:[\"as a single element\",\"as a single element\",\"as a single element\",\"battens \/ counter battens \/ purlins\"]},\n   {t:\"Rafters\", v:[0,\"individually\",\"individually\",\"individually\"]},\n   {t:\"Timber base at the post\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Timber partition structure\", img:\"holztrennwand-konstruktion\", cat:\"Structure\", c:[\n   {t:\"Column \/ post\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Beam in the timber wall\", v:[\"as a single element\",\"as a single element\",\"as a single element\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Timber partition\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Facade\", img:\"fassade\", cat:\"Envelope\", c:[\n   {t:\"Window shutter\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Facade ornamentation\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Roof edge trim\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",1]},\n   {t:\"Roof ventilation\", v:[0,0,0,0]},\n   {t:\"Roof drain\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Site \/ terrain\", img:\"gelande\", cat:\"Envelope\", c:[\n   {t:\"Contour lines\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Fence and manhole\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Garden and street lighting\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material differentiation\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Kerbstones\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Door\", img:\"ture\", cat:\"Envelope\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ height\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Details of door leaf and shutter\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Louvre door \/ window shutter\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Door surround stucco\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Stainless steel window grille\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Window\", img:\"fenster\", cat:\"Envelope\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ height\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Details of door leaf and shutter\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Louvre door \/ window shutter\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Door surround stucco\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Stainless steel window grille\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Staircase\", img:\"treppe\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ length \/ height\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Stair construction\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Steps true to original\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Balustrade\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Balustrade\", img:\"gelander\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Length \/ height \/ thickness\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Wrought iron\", v:[0,0,0,\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Ceiling\", img:\"decke\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Build-up of the suspended ceiling\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Stucco, true to scale\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Cornice at the ceiling\", v:[0,0,\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"WC \/ partition\", img:\"wc-trennwand\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Partition\", v:[\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Wall finish\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Sanitary fixtures\", v:[\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Floor drain\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Timber partition\", img:\"holz-trennwand\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Post\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Cross battens\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Door\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Built-in cabinets\", img:\"einbauschranke\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ height \/ length\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Cabinet doors\", v:[0,0,\"from library\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Number of cabinet doors\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Door swing indication (30 degrees)\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Kitchen\", img:\"kuche\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Width \/ height \/ length\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Cabinet doors\", v:[0,0,0,\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Wall finish\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Sink\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Built-in hob\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Extractor hood\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Radiator\", img:\"heizkorper\", cat:\"Fit-out\", c:[\n   {t:\"Radiator\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Width \/ height \/ length\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Room stamp\", img:\"raumstempel\", cat:\"Documentation\", c:[\n   {t:\"Room name\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Room number\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Room area\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Room height\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Level points from the Point cloud\", v:[0,\"1 level\",\"1 level\",\"5 levels\"]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Dimensioning\", img:\"vermassung\", noimg:[0], cat:\"Documentation\", opt:true, c:[\n   {t:\"Window dimensions\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Door dimensions\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Room dimensions for every room\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Overall dimensions\", v:[0,0,1,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Machinery\", img:\"maschine\", cat:\"Building services\", opt:true, c:[\n   {t:\"Support feet\", v:[0,0,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Machine\", v:[\"as a box\",\"as a box\",\"as a box\",\"detailed\"]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Pipes\", img:\"rohre\", cat:\"Building services\", opt:true, c:[\n   {t:\"Pipe runs\", v:[1,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Pipe valve\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Pipe connection\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Pipe bracket\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Support feet for pipes\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]},\n {n:\"Electrical\", img:\"elektro\", noimg:[0], cat:\"Building services\", opt:true, draft:true, c:[\n   {t:\"Ceiling light, recessed and surface-mounted\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Pendant light\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Wall light\", v:[0,\"simplified\",\"simplified\",\"detailed\"]},\n   {t:\"Light strip \/ fluorescent tube\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Switch\", v:[0,\"as a plate\",\"as a plate\",\"with rocker\"]},\n   {t:\"Socket outlet\", v:[0,\"as a plate\",\"as a plate\",\"with insert\"]},\n   {t:\"Cable trunking \/ skirting duct\", v:[0,1,1,1]},\n   {t:\"Cable tray with suspension\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Smoke detector \/ emergency light\", v:[0,0,0,1]},\n   {t:\"Material assignment\", v:[0,0,0,1]}\n ]}\n];\n\nvar LODS = [\"LOD 100\",\"LOD 200\",\"LOD 300\",\"LOD 400\"];\nvar KEYS = [\"lod100\",\"lod200\",\"lod300\",\"lod400\"];\nvar PKG  = [\"Basic\",\"Standard\",\"High\",\"Premium\"];\nvar focus = -1;\nvar query = \"\";\nvar view  = \"3D\";\n\nfunction esc(s){\n  return String(s).replace(\/[&<>\"]\/g, function(m){\n    return {\"&\":\"&amp;\",\"<\":\"&lt;\",\">\":\"&gt;\",'\"':\"&quot;\"}[m];\n  });\n}\n\nfunction cell(val){\n  if(val === 0) return '<span class=\"mark no\" aria-label=\"not included\">-<\/span>';\n  if(val === 1) return '<span class=\"mark\" aria-label=\"included\">&#10003;<\/span>';\n  var neutral = \/level|single element|library|as a box|every 30|purlins\/i.test(val) ? \" neutral\" : 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data-view=\"'+view+'\">';\n      KEYS.forEach(function(k, i){\n        if(g.noimg && g.noimg.indexOf(i) > -1){\n          html += '<figure class=\"fig'+(focus===i?' on':'')+'\" style=\"margin:0\">'+\n                  '<figcaption class=\"cap\">'+LODS[i]+' &middot; '+PKG[i]+'<\/figcaption>'+\n                  '<div class=\"none\">No illustration at this level<\/div><\/figure>';\n          return;\n        }\n        var src = 'https:\/\/vmts.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/'+g.img+'_'+k+'_'+view.toLowerCase()+'.webp';\n        var alt = esc(g.n)+' at '+LODS[i]+', '+(view==='3D'?'3D view':'2D drawing')+\n                  ' of the level of detail in scan-to-BIM';\n        html += '<figure class=\"fig'+(focus===i?' on':'')+'\" style=\"margin:0\">'+\n                '<figcaption class=\"cap\">'+LODS[i]+' &middot; '+PKG[i]+'<\/figcaption>'+\n                '<button type=\"button\" class=\"shot\" data-src=\"'+src+'\" data-cap=\"'+alt+'\" '+\n                'aria-label=\"Enlarge: 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At VMT Solutions, LOD 300 includes casing on walls and columns, columns and beams within the wall, rafters drawn individually, steps true to the original and material assignment on all components. Dimensional accuracy is plus or minus 15 mm. LOD 300 is the usual level for detailed design work in existing buildings.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"What is the difference between LOD 300 and LOD 400?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"LOD 300 covers the build-up of the component; LOD 400 adds the ornamental and detail layer. Specifically, LOD 400 adds stucco on walls, columns and ceilings, detailed instead of simplified casing, wrought iron on balustrades, window shutters in detail, cabinet fronts with door swing indication, wall finishes, and roof level points every 30 cm instead of three points. 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You define the level per component group, for example wall at LOD 300, roof at LOD 200 and facade at LOD 400. We record this allocation in the quotation and in the project handbook and model exactly to it. Acceptance is checked against the same list.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Are dimensioning, machinery, pipes and electrical included in the standard?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"No. These four areas sit outside the Basic to Premium packages and are ordered separately. Dimensioning covers window, door, room and overall dimensions. Machinery is modelled as a box or in detail depending on the level. Pipes include valves, connections, brackets and support feet from LOD 400. Electrical covers luminaires, switches, socket outlets and cable routing from LOD 200. 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